Growing a potted fig tree from a store-bought fig tree is a rewarding project that can yield delicious fruit, even in limited space. Fig trees are easy to grow and thrive in containers with proper care. Here’s how to successfully cultivate your own potted fig tree:
1. Choose the Right Fig Tree
Start by selecting a healthy fig tree from a nursery or garden center. Look for a variety suited for container growing, such as:
- ‘Petite Negra’: Compact and ideal for small spaces.
- ‘Brown Turkey’: Hardy and adaptable.
- ‘Celeste’: Produces sweet, small fruit and thrives in pots.
Make sure the tree has no signs of disease or damage, and opt for a young tree with healthy roots.
2. Select a Suitable Pot
Choose a large container with good drainage, as fig trees need well-draining soil to prevent root rot. The pot should be at least 18–24 inches in diameter and about the same depth. A plastic, terracotta, or wooden container will work, but make sure it has drainage holes at the bottom.
3. Prepare the Potting Mix
Figs prefer slightly acidic, well-draining soil. Use a mix designed for container plants, such as a combination of:
- Peat moss or coconut coir
- Perlite or sand for drainage
- A small amount of compost for nutrients
Avoid heavy garden soil, which may compact and retain too much moisture.
4. Plant the Fig Tree
- Place a layer of gravel or small stones at the bottom of the pot to improve drainage.
- Add a few inches of potting mix on top.
- Gently remove the fig tree from its nursery container and loosen the roots slightly.
- Set the tree in the center of the pot, ensuring the root ball is at the same level as it was in the nursery pot.
- Fill in the gaps with potting mix, patting it down gently but firmly. Water thoroughly after planting.
5. Positioning and Sunlight
Fig trees need plenty of sunlight to thrive, so place your potted fig tree in a sunny spot, preferably where it gets at least 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily. A south-facing balcony, patio, or garden spot is ideal. If you’re growing the fig indoors, place it near a bright window.
6. Watering
Fig trees in pots need regular watering since the soil in containers dries out faster. Keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy. Water deeply until water drains from the bottom, and allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. Reduce watering during the winter months when the tree is dormant.
7. Fertilizing
Fig trees aren’t heavy feeders, but they will benefit from a balanced, slow-release fertilizer during the growing season (spring and summer). Apply a fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio like 8-8-8 or 10-10-10 every 4–6 weeks. Alternatively, you can use compost or well-rotted manure as a top dressing.
8. Pruning and Maintenance
Prune your potted fig tree during late winter or early spring to encourage healthy growth and fruit production. Cut back any dead, damaged, or weak branches, and thin out the center to allow better air circulation. Regular pruning keeps the tree manageable in size and encourages more fruit production.
9. Repotting
As the fig tree grows, it will eventually outgrow its container. Repot your tree every 2–3 years to refresh the soil and give the roots more space. Choose a pot that’s 2–4 inches larger than the previous one, and use fresh potting mix when repotting.
10. Winter Care
If you live in a colder climate, figs need protection from frost. You can bring the tree indoors during the winter or place it in a sheltered spot, such as a garage or shed, where temperatures stay above freezing. Reduce watering during dormancy, and don’t worry if the tree loses its leaves – this is normal.
11. Harvesting
Fig trees typically begin producing fruit in 1–2 years. The figs are ready to harvest when they turn soft, droop on the branch, and develop a rich color depending on the variety (brown, purple, or green). Gently twist the fruit from the branch when ripe, and enjoy fresh or dried figs.
Conclusion
Growing a potted fig tree is a fantastic way to enjoy fresh fruit even in limited spaces. With proper care, attention to watering, sunlight, and occasional pruning, you can successfully cultivate a healthy fig tree that produces delicious figs year after year.